Sunday, 26 October 2014

Garden Notes November, 'Preparing for Winter'

Hi again,
Our Parish Magazine Garden Notes for November were squeezed out by some dire warnings about the liver. Very timely, perhaps. For those who would have liked to read them, here are the Notes, on the topical theme of preparing for winter.
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By the time you are reading this, frosts will be close by.  November is a busy month in the garden to tidy up and to prepare less tender plants for the cold weather. Heated greenhouses  require a deep purse, but there are ways of saving tender plants unless temperatures sink impossibly low. By November we will have bubble-wrapped the greenhouse to add protection – large sheets with big bubbles, easily available and reusable year after year. One or two vulnerable plants will become houseplants, such as the white bougainvillea.  We have experimented with both lifting dahlias, and leaving them in the ground under a deep mulch. Both seem to work equally well. If leaving them in, react quickly after the first frost, cut the dahlia down and pile the mulch (an old compost heap perhaps) over the stump. Old bits of carpet (preferably without rubber backing) can also serve. On non-hardy fuchsias, we generally buy new in spring rather than spend money on preserving the old, although it is worth experimenting with lifting and storing. My grandfather rarely lost a fuchsia, but is no longer around to ask, alas. My simple recommendation is to grow more hardy fuchsias, such as Fuchsia magelanica (red/purple and pink/white),  Hawkshead (white), Display (pink),  Garden News (pink), Madame Corelissan (red & white), Delta’s Sarah (blue & white), Genii and many others. Some may lose their leaves in hard winters, but never panic. We always leave our potted agapanthus outside, sheltered by a house wall. Succulents such as aeoniums will need protection, but sedums are relatively hardy.

November is a time of tidying and preparation. Normally shrubs and climbers are pruned after flowering to provide maximum growing time for next year’s flowers. However we had to delay a hard prune of the rose ‘Rambling Rector’ and the white wisteria as they provided a safe nesting site for a whole range of birds. Hard pruning it now will probably sacrifice full flowering next summer, but it has to be done. Getting beds clean of weeds is an autumn job if you want a good start in spring. Bindweed and ground elder is our bane, both of which need weedkiller even if you, like us, try to minimise garden chemicals. Parts of our garden has not been ‘fed’ for years, so digging in farmyard mature will help the soil retain moisture even in drought. Parts of our garden have clay soil, so have sharp sand sprinkled liberally when digging. This gradually breaks up the clay and makes the soil more friable.

Some plants are best moved in winter when in or near dormancy. We have a young Victoria plum which needs moving, and a young apple. Roses also must be moved in dormancy. We have just moved a dwarf Japanese prunus (flowering cherry) which judging by the lack of effective roots will need a great deal of TLC.

October-November is the time to put in bulbs. We are mixing daffodils and tulips – a refurbished bed with white multi-headed ‘Thalia’ dafs will mix with black tulips, ‘Queen of the Night’. Later in the season, penstemons and astrantias have been planted for summer colour. We prefer to have blocks of same cultivars rather than mixing. Some areas are right for dwarf types, and other beds for full size flowers. There is a considerable choice today – yellow, white, even pink, mixed, with trumpets and without, with single or double flowers. To thrive, daffodils need reasonable light and need to be in a position where the leaves can remain on to feed the bulb for next year. Planting in a lawn means that the patch cannot be mown until June. Paths can be cut through the ‘meadow’ but this can be a bit of an eyesore that you must tolerate. It helps to remove dandelions. In beds the task is simpler, planning a succession where other flowering plants are scarcely visible at daffodil time but fill out to hide the daffodil leaves later. Our favourites for this is golden spirea and peonies. Another idea is to grow the dafs in large pots, two or three layers of bulbs for a dense show. Include slow release fertiliser in the soil mix.  After flowering feed with liquid fertiliser and as the leaves shrivel store the pots in an invisible area of the garden, or place planks over the top and stand pots of trailing plants on this new ‘shelf’. Then they are cleared out next November, remove the plants and let the daffodils sprout again. I find, if I remove the bulbs and store them, they never get planted next year.

One final point. If you divide a plant, don’t throw away plant material that could be found a good home. Be a good neighbour.    
                                                                                                                
Stephen and Jean Bigger. 2014

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